Physical infrastructure and flight consolidation efficiency drivers in Brazilian airports: A two-stage network-DEA approach

Efficiency in Brazilian airports is measured using a two-stage process. In the first stage, physical infrastructure efficiency, assets, such as terminal area, aircraft parking spaces, and runways are related to the number of landings and take-offs per year. The second focuses on flight consolidation efficiency in terms of the number of passengers carried and cargo handled per year. A network-DEA centralized efficiency model is used to optimize the stages simultaneously. Results indicate that contextual variables or efficiency drivers, such as hub operations and airport location, impact physical infrastructure and flight consolidation efficiency levels differently.