Referendum, Secession and Intermixed Tribal Structure in Western-Southern Sudan

Tribal intermixtures and interactions between groups of Southern Kordofan and Northern Bahr Al Gazal provinces are wide and old. However, the previous coexistence that dominated one country provinces was torn down by calls for secession by the southern region of Sudan. The province of Abyei represents a pocket that tribal groups live in. Now it became of focal point of future entrenched war-candidate similar to India-Pakistan Kashmir. The decision of secession of Southern Sudan escalated to open calls for total independence that involved drawing borders and arguments to conflicts on specific regions bordering the two parts of Sudan. One of them is the Abyei region that two tribes demand as their own, the Arab Messeriya and the Dinka Ngok. The conflict was taken to international courts solutions were drawn in the presidency institution of Sudan. Nevertheless, they still continue even with agreements or solution sponsored by international mediators, United Nations and United States envoys. Armed clashes resulted in population displacements in addition to victims from both sides. However, other ethnic groups have historical ownership rights which were recognized by researchers, the Dago and the Shat. They were marginalized and deprived of land rights and inhibition on their great fatherlands. The current paper postulates the agreements and conventions were built on wrong and inhuman assumptions and solutions, which is that the region is inhabited solely and belongs to the Arab Messeriya and the Dinka Ngok, whereas the basic human concept is that land is for who inhabit and utilize it. Applying those short sighted solution is only fueling future and bloodier strive for existence from the marginalized and deprived anthropogenic groups who may have claims. In this paper we review some characteristics of the Abyei province and focusing on the nomadic tribe of Messirya