Adequacy of self-assessment of household preparedness for retirement is a vital issue. Whether or not there is, however, a gender difference with self-assessments is an unexplored area. While a tendency exists to over-estimate desirable behaviour or favourable outcomes, results show that...

Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs) are one of the fastest growing areas of investing and have significantly changed investor behavior, yet there is limited academic research on ETFs, with minimal on commodity based ETFs. This paper is the first to examine whether abnormal returns are available for...

The use of debt in the stock market is not a new theme, but the determinants of this phenomenon are underexplored. Based on survey data on individual investors in the Vietnam stock market, our results indicate that investment horizons are the key predictors of debt use in the stock market....