An analysis of the freight costs of Russian foreign trade cargos shows that the quality characteristics of Russia's seaports have a strong bearing on the sea freight routing – seaports with low-quality infrastructure are apt to lose the competition. Not only Russia's economic policy in the...

This paper presents the design of the sea toll network, especially in choosing the combination of the marine toll network that has the best performance, in terms of profit and benefit. The problem of selecting the best combination in this model is a combinatorial optimization problem. The...